Bhagavad Gita · Chapter 2: Sankhya Yoga · Speaker: Krishna

Bhagavad Gita 2.31: Svadharmamapi chavekshya

Krishna now speaks of Arjuna's own duty (svadharma).

Bhagavad Gita 2.31

स्वधर्ममपि चावेक्ष्य न वि­क­म्पि­तु­म­र्ह­सि ।धर्म्याद्धि यु­द्धा­च्छ्रे­योऽ­न्य­त्क्ष­त्रि­य­स्य न विद्यते ॥

Sva­dhar­ma­ma­pi chavekshya na vi­kam­pi­tu­ma­rha­si
Dharm­yad­dhi yud­dhachchh­re­yon­yatk­shat­ri­yas­ya na vidyate

sva­dhar­ma­ma­pi cāvekṣya na vi­kam­pi­tu­ma­rha­si |
dharm­yād­dhi yud­dhācch­re­yo’n­yatk­ṣat­ri­yas­ya na vidyate ||

Our meaning Krishna now speaks of Arjuna's own duty (svadharma). Arjuna is a kshatriya, a warrior whose duty is to protect others. For such a person, Krishna says, nothing is better than a war fought for what is right, so he should not waver. This is said to a warrior on the eve of a war; the traditions read the idea of svadharma in different ways.

हिंदी अर्थ अब कृष्ण अर्जुन के स्वधर्म (अपने कर्तव्य) की बात करते हैं। अर्जुन क्षत्रिय हैं, जिनका कर्तव्य दूसरों की रक्षा करना है। कृष्ण कहते हैं कि क्षत्रिय के लिए धर्मयुक्त युद्ध से बढ़कर कुछ नहीं, इसलिए उन्हें डगमगाना नहीं चाहिए। यह बात एक योद्धा से युद्ध शुरू होने से ठीक पहले कही गई है; स्वधर्म के विचार को अलग-अलग परंपराएँ अलग ढंग से समझती हैं।

Word by word

Every word, with its dictionary page

Word by word

  1. स्वधर्मम् svadharmam one's own duty (compound (masculine), accusative singular) Dictionary: sva-dharma, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1275, col. 3 o° own duty
  2. अपि api also (indeclinable) Dictionary: api, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 55, col. 1 in the sense of even, also, very
  3. च ca and (indeclinable) Dictionary: 2. ca, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 380, col. 1 ind. and, both, also, moreover, as well as
  4. अवेक्ष्य avekṣya having regard to (absolutive (having done)) Dictionary: avekṣ, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 111, col. 1 have regard to, take into consideration
  5. न na not (indeclinable) Dictionary: 2. na, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 523, col. 1 ind. not, no, nor, neither
  6. विकम्पितुम् vikampitum to waver (infinitive (to do)) Dictionary: vi-kamp, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 953, col. 3 to tremble greatly, quiver, move about
  7. अर्हसि arhasi you ought (present, 2nd person singular) Dictionary: arh, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 93, col. 3 to be able
  8. धर्म्यात् dharmyāt than a righteous (battle) (adjective (neuter), ablative singular) Dictionary: dharmya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 513, col. 1 just, virtuous, righteous
  9. हि hi for (indeclinable) Dictionary: 2. hi, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1297, col. 3 for, because, on account of
  10. युद्धात् yuddhāt than battle (noun (neuter), ablative singular) Dictionary: yuddha, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 854, col. 3 battle, fight, war
  11. श्रेयः śreyaḥ better (noun (neuter), nominative singular) Dictionary: śreyas, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1102, col. 2 superior, preferable, better
  12. अन्यत् anyat other (pronoun (neuter), nominative singular) Dictionary: 2. anya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 45, col. 2 other, different
  13. क्षत्रियस्य kṣatriyasya for a kshatriya (warrior) (noun (masculine), genitive singular) Dictionary: kṣatriya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 325, col. 2 governing, endowed with sovereignty
  14. न na not (indeclinable) Dictionary: 2. na, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 523, col. 1 ind. not, no, nor, neither
  15. विद्यते vidyate is found, exists (present passive, 3rd person singular) Dictionary: 1. vid, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 963, col. 2 to know, understand, perceive, learn

Public-domain translations

Kashinath Trimbak Telang, 1882. Public domain. Page 46.

Having regard to your own duty also, you ought not to falter, for there is nothing better for a Kshatriya1 than a righteous battle.

  1. One of the warrior caste. ↩
English translation: K. T. Telang, The Bhagavadgîtâ (The Sacred Books of the East, vol. VIII, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1882); public domain. archive.org (page 46, scan leaf n59). Shown verbatim.
Compare 3 translations

Kashinath Trimbak Telang, 1882. Public domain. Page 46.

Having regard to your own duty also, you ought not to falter, for there is nothing better for a Kshatriya1 than a righteous battle.

  1. One of the warrior caste. ↩
English translation: K. T. Telang, The Bhagavadgîtâ (The Sacred Books of the East, vol. VIII, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1882); public domain. archive.org (page 46, scan leaf n59). Shown verbatim.

You are reading this one

Annie Besant, 1895. Public domain. Page 30.

Further, looking upon thine own Dharma, thou shouldst not tremble; for there is nothing more welcome to a Kshattriya than righteous war.

English translation: Annie Besant, The Bhagavad Gîtâ, or The Lord's Song (London: Theosophical Publishing Society, 1895); public domain. archive.org (page 30, scan leaf n36). Shown verbatim.

You are reading this one

Swami Swarupananda, 1909 (first printed 1907). Public domain. Page 41.

Looking at thine own Dharma, also, thou oughtest not to waver, for there is nothing higher for a Kshatriya than a righteous war.

English translation: Swami Swarupananda, Srimad-Bhagavad-Gita (Mayavati: Prabuddha Bharata Press, 1909; first printed in Prabuddha Bharata, 1907–1909); public domain. archive.org (page 41, scan leaf n54). Shown verbatim.

You are reading this one

Sanskrit text: The Bhagavad-Gita, or The Lord's Song, with the text in Devanagari and an English translation, 1922. Meanings: written for Pujadeep with AI help and reviewed. Source and changes

Questions families ask

Who speaks Bhagavad Gita 2.31?

Krishna speaks this verse, in chapter 2 (Sankhya Yoga).

Where does the Sanskrit text come from?

Sanskrit text: The Bhagavad-Gita, or The Lord's Song, with the text in Devanagari and an English translation, 1922. Meanings: written for Pujadeep with AI help and reviewed. See the source

Is the meaning on this page a translation?

Explanation written for this site with AI help from the sources listed here, and reviewed. It is not a translation and not the only way to read the text. Free to quote with credit.

Source and licence

Sanskrit text
The Bhagavad-Gita, or The Lord's Song, with the text in Devanagari and an English translation (Annie Besant, G. A. Natesan & Co., Madras, 1922). Public domain. The Sanskrit on these pages was read from this printing’s page images.
Translation
The Bhagavadgîtâ with the Sanatsugâtîya and the Anugîtâ, translated by Kâshinâth Trimbak Telang (The Sacred Books of the East, vol. VIII, ed. F. Max Müller) (Kashinath Trimbak Telang, F. Max Müller, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1882). Public domain. Shown verbatim, as printed.
Translation
The Bhagavad Gîtâ, or The Lord's Song, translated by Annie Besant (Annie Besant, Theosophical Publishing Society, London, 1895). Public domain. Shown verbatim, as printed.
Sanskrit text
Srimad-Bhagavad-Gita, with Sanskrit Text; Paraphrase with Word-by-word Literal Translation; English Rendering and Comments, Index, &c., by the Swami Swarupananda (Himalayan Series, No. XX) (Swami Swarupananda, The Editors and Publishers, Advaita Ashrama, Mayavati, Prabuddha Bharata Press, Mayavati, Almora, Himalayas, 1909). Public domain. Used only to date the text. The Devanagari on this page is a reading text and is not copied from this printing.
Common wording
In this text, 32 words follow today's common wording, checked against sanskritdocuments.org; Sanskrit Wikisource; Gita Press, Gorakhpur; GRETIL, Göttingen and Bhaktivedanta Book Trust.
Our explanation
Explanation written for this site with AI help from the sources listed here, and reviewed. It is not a translation and not the only way to read the text. Free to quote with credit.
Review
AI review: 2 independent reviews against the cited edition, October 15, 2026.

Sources and licences

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