Bhagavad Gita · Chapter 2: Sankhya Yoga · Speaker: Krishna

Bhagavad Gita 2.58: Yada sanharate chayam

Krishna compares such a person to a tortoise.

Bhagavad Gita 2.58

यदा संहरते चायं कूर्मोऽङ्गानीव सर्वशः ।इन्द्रि­या­णी­न्द्रि­या­र्थे­भ्य­स्त­स्य प्रज्ञा प्रतिष्ठिता ॥

Yada sanharate chayam kur­mon­ga­ni­va sarvashah
Ind­ri­ya­nind­ri­yar­thebh­yas­tas­ya prajna pra­tish­thi­ta

yadā saṃharate cāyaṃ kūr­mo’ṅ­gā­nī­va sarvaśaḥ |
ind­ri­yā­ṇīnd­ri­yār­thebh­yas­tas­ya prajñā pra­tiṣ­ṭhi­tā ||

Our meaning Krishna compares such a person to a tortoise. As a tortoise draws in its limbs on every side, this person can draw the senses back from their objects. Such a person's wisdom is firmly set.

हिंदी अर्थ कृष्ण ऐसे व्यक्ति की तुलना कछुए से करते हैं। जैसे कछुआ अपने अंगों को सब ओर से समेट लेता है, वैसे ही जो इंद्रियों को विषयों से हटा लेता है, उसकी बुद्धि स्थिर है।

Word by word

Every word, with its dictionary page

Word by word

  1. यदा yadā when (indeclinable) Dictionary: yadā, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 844, col. 1 when, at what time, whenever
  2. संहरते saṃharate draws in (present, 3rd person singular) Dictionary: saṃ-hṛ, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1123, col. 1 to bring or draw together, unite, compress, collect, contract
  3. च ca and (indeclinable) Dictionary: 2. ca, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 380, col. 1 ind. and, both, also, moreover, as well as
  4. अयम् ayam this (person) (pronoun (masculine), nominative singular) Dictionary: 1. idam, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 165, col. 2
  5. कूर्मः kūrmaḥ a tortoise (noun (masculine), nominative singular) Dictionary: kūrma, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 300, col. 2 a tortoise, turtle
  6. अङ्गानि aṅgāni limbs (noun (neuter), accusative plural) Dictionary: 2. aṅga, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 7, col. 3 a limb of the body
  7. इव iva like (indeclinable) Dictionary: iva, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 168, col. 3 like, in the same manner as
  8. सर्वशः sarvaśaḥ fully, on all sides (indeclinable) Dictionary: sarvaśas, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 1189, col. 2 wholly, completely, entirely, thoroughly, collectively, altogether
  9. इन्द्रियाणि indriyāṇi the senses (noun (neuter), accusative plural) Dictionary: indriya, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 167, col. 2 faculty of sense, sense, organ of sense
  10. इन्द्रियार्थेभ्यः indriyārthebhyaḥ from the objects of sense (compound (masculine), ablative plural) Dictionary: indriyārtha, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 167, col. 2 an object of sense (as sound, smell, &c.)
  11. तस्य tasya his (pronoun (masculine), genitive singular) Dictionary: tad, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 434, col. 1 m. he, f. she, n. it, that, this
  12. प्रज्ञा prajñā wisdom (noun (feminine), nominative singular) Dictionary: pra-jñā, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 659, col. 2 wisdom, intelligence, knowledge, discrimination, judgment
  13. प्रतिष्ठिता pratiṣṭhitā is firmly set (past participle (feminine), nominative singular) Dictionary: prati-ṣṭhita, Monier-Williams 1899, p. 671, col. 3 standing, stationed, placed, situated in or on

Public-domain translations

Kashinath Trimbak Telang, 1882. Public domain. Page 50.

A man's mind is steady, when he withdraws his senses from (all) objects of sense, as the tortoise (withdraws) its limbs from all sides.

English translation: K. T. Telang, The Bhagavadgîtâ (The Sacred Books of the East, vol. VIII, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1882); public domain. archive.org (page 50, scan leaf n63). Shown verbatim.
Compare 3 translations

Kashinath Trimbak Telang, 1882. Public domain. Page 50.

A man's mind is steady, when he withdraws his senses from (all) objects of sense, as the tortoise (withdraws) its limbs from all sides.

English translation: K. T. Telang, The Bhagavadgîtâ (The Sacred Books of the East, vol. VIII, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1882); public domain. archive.org (page 50, scan leaf n63). Shown verbatim.

You are reading this one

Annie Besant, 1895. Public domain. Page 36.

When, again, as a tortoise draws in on all sides its limbs, he withdraws his senses from the objects of sense, then is his understanding well-poised.

English translation: Annie Besant, The Bhagavad Gîtâ, or The Lord's Song (London: Theosophical Publishing Society, 1895); public domain. archive.org (page 36, scan leaf n42). Shown verbatim.

You are reading this one

Swami Swarupananda, 1909 (first printed 1907). Public domain. Page 55.

When also, like the tortoise its limbs, he can completely withdraw the senses from their objects, then his wisdom becomes steady.

English translation: Swami Swarupananda, Srimad-Bhagavad-Gita (Mayavati: Prabuddha Bharata Press, 1909; first printed in Prabuddha Bharata, 1907–1909); public domain. archive.org (page 55, scan leaf n68). Shown verbatim.

You are reading this one

Sanskrit text: The Bhagavad-Gita, or The Lord's Song, with the text in Devanagari and an English translation, 1922. Meanings: written for Pujadeep with AI help and reviewed. Source and changes

Questions families ask

Who speaks Bhagavad Gita 2.58?

Krishna speaks this verse, in chapter 2 (Sankhya Yoga).

Where does the Sanskrit text come from?

Sanskrit text: The Bhagavad-Gita, or The Lord's Song, with the text in Devanagari and an English translation, 1922. Meanings: written for Pujadeep with AI help and reviewed. See the source

Is the meaning on this page a translation?

Explanation written for this site with AI help from the sources listed here, and reviewed. It is not a translation and not the only way to read the text. Free to quote with credit.

Source and licence

Sanskrit text
The Bhagavad-Gita, or The Lord's Song, with the text in Devanagari and an English translation (Annie Besant, G. A. Natesan & Co., Madras, 1922). Public domain. The Sanskrit on these pages was read from this printing’s page images.
Translation
The Bhagavadgîtâ with the Sanatsugâtîya and the Anugîtâ, translated by Kâshinâth Trimbak Telang (The Sacred Books of the East, vol. VIII, ed. F. Max Müller) (Kashinath Trimbak Telang, F. Max Müller, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1882). Public domain. Shown verbatim, as printed.
Translation
The Bhagavad Gîtâ, or The Lord's Song, translated by Annie Besant (Annie Besant, Theosophical Publishing Society, London, 1895). Public domain. Shown verbatim, as printed.
Sanskrit text
Srimad-Bhagavad-Gita, with Sanskrit Text; Paraphrase with Word-by-word Literal Translation; English Rendering and Comments, Index, &c., by the Swami Swarupananda (Himalayan Series, No. XX) (Swami Swarupananda, The Editors and Publishers, Advaita Ashrama, Mayavati, Prabuddha Bharata Press, Mayavati, Almora, Himalayas, 1909). Public domain. Used only to date the text. The Devanagari on this page is a reading text and is not copied from this printing.
Common wording
In this text, 32 words follow today's common wording, checked against sanskritdocuments.org; Sanskrit Wikisource; Gita Press, Gorakhpur; GRETIL, Göttingen and Bhaktivedanta Book Trust.
Our explanation
Explanation written for this site with AI help from the sources listed here, and reviewed. It is not a translation and not the only way to read the text. Free to quote with credit.
Review
AI review: 2 independent reviews against the cited edition, October 15, 2026.

Sources and licences

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